Characteristics of the skin care and cosmetic industry in China

The Mice

The Mice The Mice Q: A very heavy rainstorm floods a mountain river, changing its course and digging a deep canyon through the soft soils of the meadow in the valley below. What happens to the mice on either side of the valley? When the flooding of the river occurs, it acts as a geographical barrier between two groups of mice that were of a single lineage forcing them to split into two. These mice are now two different populations geographically separated from each other by the canyon and through the genetic waft and the differential population pressures the two groups will go through and they will develop into two different species over a span of time (Futuyma, 1986). This is the process of allopatric speciation that makes two different species develop from the two groups. This process is referred to as Cladogenesis, where a lineage splits into two. Allopatric isolation (geographic isolation) between the two groups of mice on either side of the valley leads to reproductive isolation in the two groups (Wessells, 1988). When the two populations of mice will be reproductively isolated, they will be free to follow the diverse evolutionary paths. These populations will differentiate for two important reasons: The different geographic areas on either side of the valley might have different population pressures such as differences in rainfall, predators, temperature and competitors causing the two populations to differentiate (Rosenzweig, 1995). The two regions on either side of the valley might not be very different but the two populations might differentiate due to mutations and genetic combinations that may occur in each (Rosenzweig, 1995). The differences in the two populations will also depend on the power of selective pressures causing rapid change. Given selection and time, the two populations will finally develop into different species.

Policy implementation.The internal Revenue Service Essay

Policy implementation.The internal Revenue Service - Essay Example Since it holds constitutional responsibility for the provision of taxation process to its citizens, the state plays more than just the intermediary role traditionally studied in implementing federal taxation policy. The implementation of any federal policy requires that the state consider the interests of bureaucrats, politicians, and special interest groups at the federal, state, and local level whose input and posturing provides complexity to the process as they respond to federal taxation policy implementation process. In this connection, the Internal Revenue Service is at the best position to implement tax credits policy in Rhode Island owing to the fact that it is very much familiar with the operations of the tax system of the entire nation. Below is a brief explanation of how the agency carries out its operations. The internal Revenue Service The implementation of the tax policy in Rhode Island is best implemented by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which is responsible for the collection of taxes as well as implementation and enforcement of the Internal Revenue Code which is the domestic part of the statutory tax law that operates in the entire United States. The code is organized into topics, subtitles and sections which cover all forms of taxes ranging from income taxes, payroll taxes, estate taxes, excise taxes to payroll taxes. It also bears the procedures and administration forming to be implemented by the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS usually publishes tax forms which it offers to taxpayers so that they can select and use them to calculate and report their federal tax obligations.